Age Differences in Episodic Memory

Bayen (1990) presented 40 younger and 40 older adults with a list of 50 words to be learned. The list consisted of 20 semantic word pairs and 10 singleton words. In a later memory test, participants freely recalled the presented words. For pairs, responses were classified into four categories: both words in a pair are recalled adjacently (E1) or non-adjacently (E2), one word in a pair is recalled (E3), neither word in a pair is recalled (E4); for singletons, into two categories: word recalled (F1), word not recalled (F2).

The recall frequencies are available in Schmidt et al. (2023).

data(agememory)

Format

agememory A data frame containing 80 observations of 15 variables:

group

factor. Younger versus older group of participants.

id

participant ID within each group.

age

participant age.

sex

factor. Participant sex.

IST70

intelligence score.

lag0E1, lag0E2, lag0E3, lag0E4

recall frequencies for word pairs presented without lag.

lag15E1, lag15E2, lag15E3, lag15E4

recall frequencies for word pairs presented with a lag of 15 items in between the two pair members.

F1, F2

recall frequencies for singleton words.

Source

Schmidt, O., Erdfelder, E., & Heck, D. W. (2023). How to develop, test, and extend multinomial processing tree models: A tutorial. Psychological Methods. doi:10.1037/met0000561

References

Bayen, U.J. (1990). Zur Lokalisation von Altersdifferenzen im episodischen Gedaechtnis Erwachsener: Eine Querschnittsuntersuchung auf der Basis eines mathematischen Modells. Berichte aus dem Psychologischen Institut der Universitaet Bonn, 16, 1–125.

See also

mpt.

Examples

data(agememory)

aggregate(cbind(lag0E1, lag0E2, lag0E3, lag0E4,
                lag15E1, lag15E2, lag15E3, lag15E4, F1, F2) ~ group,
          data = agememory, sum)
#>   group lag0E1 lag0E2 lag0E3 lag0E4 lag15E1 lag15E2 lag15E3 lag15E4  F1  F2
#> 1 young     90     14     84    212      67      18     123     192 102 298
#> 2   old     42      5     63    290      30      13      95     262  64 336
xtabs(~ group + sex, agememory) |> addmargins()
#>        sex
#> group    f  m Sum
#>   young 32  8  40
#>   old   32  8  40
#>   Sum   64 16  80